Pre-Nicene Teaching on Refuting Error Grid – Nov. 2020 version

REFUTE HERETICAL GROUPS

DISPUTE AGAINST OTHER ERRORS

Legend for Cells

r1. Dispute with Ebionites/Judaizers (Partial) Col 2:16-17

D1. Do not judge/condemn others Mt 7:1-5; Lk 6:37

W = Wrote explicitly on this teaching

r2. Simon Magus and his heresy/error (Partial) Acts 8

D2. Dispute against Judaism Acts 3:23; Rom 9:1-2

I = Implied as true or opposite is false

r3. Against Marcion (partial)1Jn4;2Jn7

D3. Dispute against Greco-Roman paganism

N = Implied since accepted Nicene Creed

r4. Dispute against Valentinian Gnostics

D4. Dispute philosophy that denies One God

m = Mixed: some agree, others did not

r5. Dispute against Sethians or Ophites

D5. Dispute against the Magi / Zoroastrians

P = Partial (ex: Justin Martyr on  r3: Marcion, but not many heresies)

r6. Dispute against Encratite Gnostics (Partial) 1 Tim 4:3

D6. Dispute Indians/Bra[c]hmans/Gymnosophist

r7. Dispute against other Gnostics          (Partial) 1 Jn 4:2

D7. Dispute Egyptian religion

- = no reference found

r8. No mixing Christ and other religions 1Jn 4:3;Gal 1:8-9

D8. Dispute Chaldean/Babylonian religion

X = Disagree

r9. Avoid docetic belief-not suffer in flesh. partial 1Jn4:2-

D9. Dispute Syrian or Arabian religions

blank = not researched yet

r10. Dispute against Sabellians/Sabellios (Oneness)

D10. Dispute Druid or other European myths

Writer totals include W’s & I’s but not P’s

Rows: blue=Bible manuscript, white=Christian writer, khaki=spurious, green=heresy, orange=schism, pink=strange writer, yellow=foreign missions, red=Christians persecuted, brown=Christians persecuting

Christian writer, heretic, or Bible manuscript

Pages

Date A.D.

r1

r2

r3

r4

r5

r6

r7

r8

r9

r10

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

D8

D9

D10

Nero and Domitian persecute Christians

50 & 95/96

est. 500K Christians. Labeled atheists; killed for refusing to worship emperor/idols

Clement of Rome (wrote 1 Clement)

16.75

96/98

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

An estimated 500,000 or 800,000 Christians

by 100 A.D.

per Ante-Nicene Fathers vol.4 p.126 or World Christian Trends AD 30-2200 AD p.18

Papias of Hierapolis, disciple of John

2

95-110

-

-

-

-

-

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-

-

“Presbyters” (Papias?)

0.5

95-117

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-

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-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

Ignatius disciple of John (shortest version)

13

c.100-117

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Trajan persecutes Christians

107-117

Answered Pliny the Younger’s letter. Christians not hunted, but killed if found.

Didache (=Teaching of the Twelve Apostles)

4.75

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

Apology of Aristides (Greek version)

4

125or138-161

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

Quadratus of Athens fragment (apologist)

.125

126

-

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-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Epistle of Barnabas

12.5

c.70-130

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hadrian persecutes Christians and Jews

118 & 134

Hadrian loved Greek culture, and he persecuted both Jewish & Christian people.

Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs

29

70-135

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Bar Cochba persecutes Christians

135

Christians persecuted in Israel because they would not join Bar Cochba’s revolt.

p52 Jn 18:31-33,37f-38 (5 verses)

-138

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-

-

-

-

-

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2 Clement (anonymous writer)

5.75

120-140

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

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-

-

-

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-

-

p87 Phm 13-15,24-25 (5 verses)

100-150

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p46 Chester Beatty II - 70% Paul, Heb (1,680 verses)

100-150

-

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-

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-

-

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-

W

-

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Akhmin Apocalypse of Peter (Greek)

2

135,100-150

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

-

-

p104 Mt 21:34-37,43-45(?)

150

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

p98 Revelation 1:13-2:1 (9 verses)

150?

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

First churches in Morocco, Portugal, and south Germany

c.150

according to World Christian Trends AD 30-AD 2200 p.113

Polycarp, disciple of John, to the Philippians

3.5

100-155

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Epistle to Diognetus (=Mathetes to Diognetus)

5.25

c.130-200

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

Apostolic fathers totals: all symbols except P’s

67.7

-155

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

2

0

1

3

2

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

The Epistle of the Apostles. Against Cerinthus, Simon, and Gnostics. Canonical in the Ethiopic Orthodox Tawahedo Church

9.8

2nd century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gospel of Mary (ms. p463 is 200-250 A.D.)

1

2nd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

Shepherd of Hermas

46.5

c.115-155

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Justin Martyr, philosopher and apologist

137

c.138-165

-

W

P

W

-

-

W

W

-

P

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

Evarestus’ Martyrdom of Polycarp

5

c.169

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marcion of Pontus, pupil of Cerdo/Cerdon. Apelles & Prepon from Marcion.

before 170-

Gnostics believed Creator was evil or foolish, rejected O.T., mixed in paganism.

Menander then Satorninos/Saturnilus (ascetic Gnostics)

c.150-4th cen.

Cerdo & Menander from Simon in Acts. Encratite gnostics came from Saturnilus.

Dionysius of Corinth (wrote against Marcion)

.333

170

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

Tatian's Diatessaron

86

c.172

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Tatian. Encratite Gnostic later

18

c.172

-

-

-

W

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

First Christians in Austria

174

according to World Christian Trends AD 30-AD 2200 p.113

Basilides & his pupil Isidorus, changed from Menander 's teaching

2.5

132-135-4th

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Sethians/Borborites (libertine Gnostics)

20

?-4th century

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hermetic Gnostics -no mention of Christ/Jesus

6

?-4th century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Valentinians including Heracleon, Colorbasus, Marcus, & Ptolemy

23+12

c.150-4th cent.

-

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Other gnostics: Cainites, Carpocrates, Docetics, Peretae, Cerinthus, Dositheus, Monoimus, Hermogenes, Marcillinians, Melchisedecians, Nicolaus, Ophites, Secundus/Epiphanes

37

c.150-4th century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p66 Bodmer II Papyri - 92% of John (817 verses)

c.125-175

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

p4, p64, p67 Lk 1:58-59,etc. Mt 26:7-8,etc. (95 verses)

c.150-175

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

p90 Jn 18:36-19:7 (11 verses)

c.175

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Christians of Vienna and Lugdunum (Lyons)

6.5

177

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Athenagoras (apologist)

33.5

177

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

-

-

P

-

-

W

W

-

-

W

-

W

-

Persecution of Marcus Aurelius

162/166-180

Aurelius was a Stoic philosopher. Persecution mainly in Gaul, ended when he died

Melito/Meleto of Sardis (Quartodecimian)

11

170-177

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

P

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

Claudius Apollinaris of Hierapolis

0.5

160-177/180

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hegesippus (chronicler, against Gnostics)

2.5

170-180

-

W

W

W

-

-

W

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Rhodon (against Marcion and Apelles)

0.5

180

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theophilus of Caesarea

.125

180

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theophilus of Antioch ( to Autolycus)

32

168-181/188

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

W

W

W

-

-

W

W

-

-

Ebionite Clementine Homilies (Law, Father, Son)

123.5

-188-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

Ebionite Letter of Peter to James

2

-188-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ebionite Letter of Clement to James

4.5

-188-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Christians warning about Ebionites

1

182-325

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Irenaeus Proof of Apostolic Preaching

22.75

c.160-202

-

-

-

-

-

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-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

Irenaeus of Lyons, disciple of Polycarp

262

182-188

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pantaenus of Alexandria visited India

189

Visited the Malankara church in India. They used the Gospel of Mt. in Hebrew.

Gospel of Peter (Serapion finally against this)

2

180-190

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Maximus of Jerusalem -wrote on origin of evil

5

185-196

-

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-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Polycrates of Ephesus (Quartodecimian)

0.5

196

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Christians in Bactria, Hindu Kush, and Kurdistan

196

according to World Christian Trends AD 30-AD 2200 p.113

p32 (=P. Rylands 5) Titus 1:1-15; 2:3-8 (21 verses)

150-200

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p103/p77 Mt 13:55-57; 14:3-5; 23:30-39 (10 verses)

200

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Gaius of Rome started the Alogi heresy

0

c.200

Claimed the Gospel of John and Revelation were by Cerinthus, not John

p23 James 1:10-12, 15-18 (7 verses)

ca.200

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

An estimated 2 million Christians

by 200 A.D.

According to the Ante-Nicene Fathers vol.4 p.126

Passion of the Scillitan Martyrs -died 180 A.D.

0.75

180-202

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Caius and the Muratorian Canon

3

190-217

-

-

W

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Sabellian heresy (Praxeas, Noetus)

c.200-257-

Patripassians believed Father, Son, & Spirit were one person.

Zephryinus & Callistus of Rome (adoptionists)

199-222

God came upon the human man Jesus. Callistus excommunicated Sabellius.

Persecution of Septimus Severus

202

est. 2M Christians. A Christian helped him when ill, but didn’t repeal existing laws

Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas

7

c.201/205

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Acts of Paul and Thecla (Tertullian said faked by a presbyter)

6

before 207

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Romans kill first known martyrs in Britain

209

Alban, Julius, and Aaron were formerly thought killed in 304/5 A.D.

Epitaph of Abercius of Hieropolis in Phrygia Salutaris

0.125

190-210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Serapion of Antioch (against Marcion)

.333

191/200-210

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Minucius Felix (The Octavius)

25

210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

W

-

W

W

-

-

Apollonius of Ephesus (against Montanists)

1

c.210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Judah the Prince compiled the Jewish Mishnah

 

189-217

Oral traditions of the Pharisees were written down & became part of the Talmud

Clement of Alexandria Stromata

245.75

193-202

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

P

P

Clement of Alexandria Exhort. to the Heathen

34.75

c.195

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

W

P

W

W

W

-

Clement of Alexandria (remainder)

109

193-217/220

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

Tertullian (joined the Montanist Church)

736

198-220

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Tertullian’s 5 Books Against Marcion

194

207/8

W

-

W

W

-

-

-

W

W

-

W

W

-

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

Tertullian: On Monogamy, On Modesty

41.25

213

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

p75 Lk 3:18-22; etc. Jn 1:1-11:45,etc. (1,166 verses)

175-225

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0189 Acts 5:3-21 (earliest N.T. parchment) (19 verses)

175-225

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p45 Chester Beatty I, Four gospels + Acts (833 verses)

200-225

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Green Collection #425 Rom 9:18-21 some Rom 10

early 3rd cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p29 Acts 26:7-8,20 (3 verses)

200-225

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p30 1 Th 4:12-13,16-17, 5:3,8-10,12-18,25-28; 2 Th 1:1-2; 2:1,9-11 (25 verses)

early 3rd cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ebionite Recognitions of Clement (=Sinai Epitome)

134

211-231

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

W

W

-

W

-

Bardaisan/Bardesan of Syria (heretical). Against Marcion & Valentinus.

11.5

154-224/232

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

W

W

W

Asterius Urbanus (against Montanists)

2.75

c.232

-

-

W

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Elchasaite Ebionites (said Jesus God’s Son)

2.25

before 235

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theodotus of Byzantium (Jesus born only a man)

0.5

before 235

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Justin's Book of Baruch -Moses,Heracles,Christ

2.5

188-235

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Naaseni Gnostics & The Gospel of Thomas

3+6

188-235

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

X

-

-

-

X

X

-

-

Hippolytus, pupil of Irenaeus (undisputed)

218

222-235/6

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

Maximin Thrax persecutes Christians

235-238

First empire-wide persecution, but only of clergy. It stopped when he was killed.

Narrative of Zosimus

4.5

before 240

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theodotus the probable Montanist

7.75

ca.240

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Instructions of Commodianus

16

c.240

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Julius Africanus (undisputed writings)

9

232-245

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

Ebionite Protoevangelium of James

6

145-248

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Heraclas of Alexandria 1st to be called a pope

 

232-249

No Roman bishop called a pope until the Council of Arles I in 314 A.D., Next was 347 A.D.. Siricius c.384-399 was the first Roman bishop to call himself a pope.

p137 Mk 1:7-9,16-18

150-250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

"Revised Valentinian" Tripartite Tractate

11

200-250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p13 Heb 2:14-5:5;10:8-22;10:29-11:13;etc. 114 verses

225-250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p5 Jn 1:23-31,33-40; 16:14-20;20:11-17,19-20,22-25

early 3rd cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Martyrdom of the Holy Martyrs

1.5

before 250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p1 Mt 1:1-9,12,14-20 (17 verses)

250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p22 Jn 15:25-16:2; 16:21-32 (17 verses)

c.250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p91 Acts 2:30-37; 2:46-47; 3:1-2

250

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

p118 Rom 15:26-27,32-33; 16:1,4-7,11-12

250

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

p119 Jn 1:21-28,33-38,42-44

250

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p121 Jn 19:17-19,25-26

250

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p129 1 Cor 7:36-39;8:10;9:3,14-17;9:27-10:6

250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p131 Rom 9:18-21; 9:22-10:3

250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Nag Hamadi Apocalypse of Peter

2.5

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

pseudo-Clement Two Epistles on Virginity

5.75+5

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hermias Satire on Greek Philosophers

4.2

3rd century?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acts of Xanthippe, Polyxena, and Rebecca

12.5

mid 3rd cent?

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Alexander of Cappadocia (Clem. A’.s pupil)

0.75

233-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

pseudo-Justin Martyr (anonymous works)

20.5

233-251

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bishop Stephen I or Rome Letter to Antioch

 

251

Asks why Novatian did not know there should be only one bishop in Rome

Sentences of Sextus (partial)

2

Before 253

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Origen (heterodox teacher)

562

225-253/254

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

I

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Origen’s Prayer, Exhortation to Martyrdom

180

233-235

-

-

-

-

-

I

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Severe persecution by Decius and Gallus

250-251 - 253

1st Christian schism. Could fallen Christians return or doomed forever (Novatian)

First Christian monks and hermits

250-251

Peter the Hermit and others. Antony of Egypt (270-356 A.D.) was a bit later.

Novatian (his schism lasted over 200 years)

38.5

250/254-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Treatise Against Novatian

6.5

256-258

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Treatise on Rebaptism

11

c.250-258

-

P

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Cyprian of Carthage (against Novatian)

250.5

c.246-258

-

-

W

W

W

-

W

W

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

-

-

-

Roman church leaders (letters 2,29,30)

1+4.75

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Lucian et al. (letters 16, 21)

.875

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Caldonius to Cyprian (letter 18)

0.4

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Celerinus to Lucian (letter 20)

1.25

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Moyses, et al. to Cyprian (letter 25)

2.5

250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Cornelius to Cyprian (letters 45,47)

1.25

c.246-256

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Maximus, et al. to Cyprian (letter 49)

0.25

c.246-256

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Firmilian of Caesarea to Cyprian (letter 74)

7.25

256

-

-

W

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Nemesianus, et al. to Cyprian (letter 77)

0.75

254-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Lucius and the brethren to Cyprian (letter 78)

0.5

254-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Felix & the rest of the martyrs to Cyprian (79)

0.25

254-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Seventh Council of Carthage (85 bishops)

7.25

258

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pontius’ The Life and Passion of Cyprian

7.5

258

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Valerian persecutes Christians

257-260

2nd most severe persecution. Tolerant at first, but then Macrianus influenced him.

Theognostus of Alexandria (Origenist)

0.5

260

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Gregory Thaumaturgus (undisputed works)

28.5

240-265

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

Dionysius of Alexandria (Origenist)

39.5

246-265

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Dionysius of Rome (Against the Sabellians)

1

259-269

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Malchion (Against Paul of Samosata)

2.5

270

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Aurelian Persecution in the Roman Empire

270

At first tolerant, Aurelian died soon after he decided to persecute Christians.

Paul of Samosata, deposed bishop of Antioch

260-272

Adoptionist Monarchian, said the Logos entered into Jesus at baptism.

p37 Mt 26:19-52 (34 verses)

225-275,c.260

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p49/p65 Eph 4:16-29; 4:31-5:13 (29/19 verses)

225-275,c.260

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p53 Mt 26:29-30; Acts 9:33-10:1 (23 verses)

mid 3rd cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pierius of Alexandria (fragment)

0.5

275

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mani & Manichaean writings (Augustine left this) Manes/Mani's father was an Elchasaite.

5+17+

c.278-c.500

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Anatolius of Alexandria (mathematician)

70.5

270-280

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Persian Varahran II persecutes Christians

286

Persecuted Jews, Christians, Hindus, Buddhists, Manichaeans, and others

Ascension of Isaiah by Jewish/Christian scribes

11

150-3rd cent.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

p80 Jn 3:34 (1 verse)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p95 Jn 5:26-29,36-38 (7 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p106 Jn 1:29-35,40-46 (14 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p107 Jn 17:1-2,11 (3 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p108 Jn 17:23-24; 18:1-5 (7 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p109 Jn 21:18-20,23-25 (6 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p111 Lk 17:11-13,22-23 (5 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p113 Rom 2:12-13,19 (3 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p114 Heb 1:7-12 (6 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p9 1 Jn 4:11-12,14-17, p35, p69 (6,8,9 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

?

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p101 Mt 3:10b-12a; 3:16b-4:3 (6.5 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p20 Jms 2:19-3:9 (17 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p27/p40 Rom 1:24- (30/29 verses)

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p133 1 Tim 3:13-4:8  (12 verses)

3rd century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

p138 Lk 18:13-17,25-30

3rd century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chester Beatty IX-X (Septuagint Ezekiel, Dan, Esther) Ezek 36:1-23b; 38-39; 37; 40-48; Susanna, etc.

3rd century

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p47 (= Chester Beatty III) 31% of Revelation. Rev 9:10-11:3; 11:5-16:15; 16:17-17:2 (similar to Sinaiticus)

c.250-300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p115 Rev 2:1-3,13-15,27-29; 3:10-12; 5:8-9; 6:5-6; 8:3-8,11-13; 9:1-5,7-16,18-21; 10:1-4,8-11; 11:1-5,8-15,18-19; 12:1-5,8-10,12-17; 13:1-3,6-16,18; 14:1-3,5-7,10-11, 14-15,18-20; 15:1,4-7 (119 verses) (similar to A & C)

c.250-300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p28 Jn6:8-12,17-22 (11 verses), p110 Mt10:13-15,25-27

late 3rd cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p70 Mt 2:13-16;2:22-3:1;11:26-27;12:4-5;24:3-6,12-15

late 3rd cent.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

p15/p16 1 Cor 7:18-8:4; Php 3:10-17; 4:2-8 42 verses

late 3rd cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p17 Hebrews 9:12-19  8 verses

late 3rd cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theonas of Alexandria ( Letter to Lucianus)

3

282-300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p12 Heb 1:1 (1 verse)

285-300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

King Tiridates III of Armenia

>287-300

At first persecuted Christians, then became one through Gregory the Illuminator

An estimated 5 million Christians

by 300 A.D.

According to the Ante-Nicene Fathers vol.4 p.126

p18 Rev 1:4-7 (4 verses)

300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p78 Jude 4-5,7-8 (4 verses)

300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p100 Jms 3:13-4:4; 4:9-5:1 (20 verses)

300

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

p125 1 Pet 1:23-2:5; 2:7-12

300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p130 Heb 9:9-12,19-23

300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p38+0162+0220+0232 13+12+6+9 verses

ca.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p102 Mt 4:11-12,22-23

ca.300

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

p39 John 8:14-22 (8 verses)

3rd,3/4th cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p132 Eph 3:21-4:2; 4:14-16

3rd/4th cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p134 Jn 1:45-2:1

3rd/4th cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0312 Lk 5:23-24,30-31; 7:9,17-18

3rd/4th cent.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Crosby-Schoyen Coptic ms. All of 1 Peter and Jonah

3rd/4th cent.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0171 Mt 10:17-23,25-32; Lk 22:44-50,52-56,61,63-64

ca.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p72 (=Bodmer 7,8) All of 1,2 Peter, Jude (191 verses)

ca.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p92 Eph 1:10f,11-13,19-21; 2Th 1:4-5,11-12 (10 verses)

ca.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p24 Rev 5:5-8; 6:5-8 (8 verses)

early 4th cent.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

David/Dudi of Basra (=David of Charax)

ca.300

Persian/Arab missionary to southern India

Adamantius Dialog on the True Faith in God

42

c.300

-

-

W

W

-

-

W

-

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marcionite Megethius disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

-

X

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marcionite Marcus disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Bardasene Marinus disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Valentinian Doserius disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Valentinian Letter of Peter to Philip

1.75

c.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Sinaitic Old Syriac (Syr S) Mt 1:1-6:10, 7:3-12:4, 12:6-25, 12:29-16:15, 18:11-20:24, 21:20-25:15, 25:17-20, 25:25-26, 25:32-28:7, Mk 1:12-44, 2:21-4:17, 5:1-26, 6:5-16:8 (no ending), Lk 1:36-5:28, 6:12-24:52, Jn 1:25-47, 2:16-4:37, 5:6-25, 5:46-18:31, 19:40-end).

3/4th century

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Alexander of Lycopolis Of the Manichaeans

12

301

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

Arnobius Against the Heathen (undisputed)

126.5

297-303

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

W

W

W

W

-

W

-

W

W

Victorinus of Petau, Austria -commentator

18.5

martyred 304

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

W

-

W

-

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Most severe persecution by Diocletian

284, 303-305

est. 5M Christians, some killed for not sacrificing. destroyed churches/scriptures

Council of Elvira (21 undisputed canons)

1

306/307

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Phileas of Thmuis/Tmai, Egyptian Delta

2.5

beheaded 307

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pamphilus disciple of Pierius (Origenist)

2.75

Martyred 309

-

P

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Peter of Alexandria (undisputed)

8.5

306,285-311

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Creed of Lucian of Antioch

0.3

c.300-311

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hesychius [Egypt],Pachomius,Phileas,Theodorus

1

martyred 311

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Donatus Magnus (Donatists) in North Africa

 

311-411-533

Refused to accept those who had ever surrendered their scriptures to authorities

Methodius (corrected Origen’s followers)

79.5

270-311/312

W

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Ancyra (Marcellus & 11 other bishops)

3.333

314

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Arles I, France. All celebrate Easter on the same day. Ex-communicated Donatists. First mention of a pope in Rome.

.333

Aug. 314

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Neocaesarea (Basil and others)

1.333

c.315

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theophilus’ Martyrdom of Habib the Deacon

5.5

events c.315

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Athanasius Against the Heathen & Incarnation

56

318

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

I

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

Licinius tyrannizes Christians in east Rom. Empire

315-323

Persecution because of politics, due to Christian support of his foe, Constantine.

Acts of Thomas (early form)

4

pre-Nicene

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Odes of Solomon. quoted by Lactantius

10

125-325

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lactantius, tutor of Constantine’s son, Crispus

274

c.303-320/325

-

-

P

W

-

-

-

W

-

W

-

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

P

W

Lactantius’ Epitome of the Divine Institutes

31.5

c.303-320/325

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Alexander of Alexandria-Origenist, undisputed

11.5

313-326

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Eusebius Demonstration of the Gospel + Chronicon + Letter to Carpasia

217.6

+54.9

318-325

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eusebius of Caesarea Prep for the Gospel

375.7

318-325

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

Eusebius’ Ecclesiastical History

c.404

318-325

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eusebius’ other works (Ps 51)

3.21

318-325

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arian heresy spreads, starting in Alexandria

c.318-523

Arians believed that Jesus was God, but not the same substance as the Father.

Constantine makes Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire

Fall-Winter 324

Non-violently closed pagan temples so subjects would attend churches instead. Except that he executed the priests at Apollo's temple in Dydima in Asia Minor because they had told Diocletian to persecute Christians.

87 Christian writer totals: all symbols except P’s + Eusebius of Caesarea prior to 325 A.D.

4179.8

+1055.4

up to 325: 20

8

8

14

16

6

7

14

18

12

13

8

22

19

16

10

5

12

10

7

5

Ebionite heretic totals, all symbols except P's

273.25

up to 325: 7-1

-1

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

2

2

2

1

0

1

0

Gnostics, Encratites, Bardesan, all symbols except P's

269.5

up to 325: 8-8

0

0

-1

1-1

-1

-1

0

-1

0

0

0

1

1-2

1

2

1

-1

1-1

1

1

Clement of Rome to Dionysius of Corinth, Vienna

263

Up to 177:  12

1

1

0

1

0

0

1

3

2

0

1

4

3

2

0

0

1

1

0

0

Irenaeus Against Heresies to Scillitan Martyrs

228.25

188-202:    11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Proof of Apostolic Preaching, Stromata

268.5

160-202:    16

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

0

0

Athenagoras to Theophilus, Caius to Apollonius, rest of Clement of Alexandria, Asterius Urbanus

263

177-232:    14

0

1

4

2

0

1

4

3

1

0

0

2

4

4

2

0

4

3

3

0

Tertullian: 5 Books, Monogamy, Modesty; Theodotus to Alexander of Cappadocia

270.25

240-251:   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hippolytus, Novatian & foes

274

222-254:  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cyprian and friends

271.75

c.246-258

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Origen’s Prayer and Exhortation to Martyrdom, Pontius to Anatolius

267.5

233-280:   

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

0

3

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

Adamantius, Victorinus, Pamphilus to Athanasius, Epitome, 2 Alexanders

274.3

300-326:   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Nicea I vs. Arians (c.318 bishops)

3

May-Jun 325

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Persian king Shapur II persecutes Christians

315,325-381

Persian Christians double-taxed after Constantine became a Christian. Violent persecution after 325. In Mesopotamia alone 1,150 Christians killed.

Persian Shapur II attacks Christian Lakhmid Arabs

325

In retaliation for prior raids into Persia, 60,000 soldiers kill everyone in al-Hera.

Juvencus (wrote a commentary: The Gospels)

 

329

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Eustathius of Antioch (against Origen)

< Ľ

323-337

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Eusebius of Caesarea (leader at Nicea)

c.404

318-339/340

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

I

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

Synod of Antioch in Encaeniis (97 bishops)

3.5

341

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Asterius the Sophist

 

-c.341

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mild Arian Creed of Antioch

1

c.341-344

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Sardica (Greek) (church discipline)

5

343/344

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Aphrahat/Aphraates, Select Demonstrations

67.25

337-345

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

The Macrostich Creed (very detailed)

2

344/345

I

-

-

I

I

-

I

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Formicus Maternus On the Error of Profane Religions. God rewards persecuting pagans

 

348

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A Poem on the Passion of the Lord

1

315-350

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mandaean writings (said Christ a false prophet)

3.5

>350?

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Vaticanus (B) Most OT, all NT toHeb9:15.6979 verses

325-350

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Sinaiticus (Aleph) Almost all of NT ˝ of OT

340-350

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p25 Mt 18:32-34; 19:1-3,5-7,9f (8.5 verses)

350

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

p62 Mt 11:25-30 (6 verses)

350

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

p8+p10+p71 29+7+4 verses

4th century

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hegemonius (Acts of Archelaus)

58 ľ

262-278

-

-

W

W

-

W

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Faustus of Milevis/Milevum (Manichaean)

 

4th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

First Council of Sirmium (Greek creed)

1.25

351

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

-

-

-

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ammonas (a founder of monasticism)

 

340-348/53

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Theodore of Heraclea

 

355

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Arminium, Nicene/Arian compromise

˝

355

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Synod of Seleucia in Isauria

0.5

357/358

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Eusebius of Emesa

 

c.359

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arian Roman Emperor Constantius

337-353-361

Orthodox bishops were banished, and Athanasius had to go into hiding.

Arian Creed of Nica in Thrace

0.5

c.356-361

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Life of Antony (possibly by Athanasius)

26.5

356-362

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

W

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

Arian Candidus’ Two Letters to Marius

c.4

359-362

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marius’s Reply to Candidus (partial)

c.8

359-362

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Cyrillones Syriac poet Six Hymns

 

4th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Christians killed in Alexandria and Gaza

361-363

Emperor Julian shows some toleration, yet permits persecution of Christians

Hilary of Poitiers (taught Martin of Tours)

226.5

355-367/368

-

-

P

W

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

W

-

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

Arian Roman Valens kills Christians in east

370

Valens is finally killed in battle by the Goths, who had converted to Arianism.

Eusebius of Vercelli

 

died 370/371

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Athanasius of Alexandria (partial)

424

325-373

-

W

W

W

-

-

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

-

Marcellus of Ancyra (Mt, etc.)

 

c.374

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Optatus of Milevis (converted by Augustine)

 

364-375

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Athanaric persecutes Orthodox Visigoths

369-376

After converting to Arianism, Athanaric persecuted Orthodox Christians.

Titus of Bostra

 

before 378

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ephraim/Ephrem, Syrian hymn-writer (partial)

161.25

350-378

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

P

 

 

 

Basil of Cappadocia (Origenist) (partial)

326

357-378/379

-

-

W

W

-

W

W

 

 

W

 

 

 

I

-

-

-

 

-

-

Zeno of Verona

 

362-380

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sapor II persecutes Christians in Persia

380

Heliodorus, Dosa, Ia, and 8K-9K others killed

Apostolic Constitutions

 

c.380

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Orsiesius

 

c.380

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Meletius of Antioch

 

381

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Synod of Laodicea (in Phrygia) (undisputed)

4.5

343-381

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Gangra -vs. Eustastius of Sabaste

1 1/3

345-381

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

First Council of Constantinople -150 bishops

3.75

381-382

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Eunomius of Cyzicus (extreme Arian)

c.8

360-c.383

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bachiarius Liber de Fide

 

ca.383

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ambrosiaster

 

c.384

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Macedonian and Priscillian Heresies

c.383, 385

Macedonians denied H.S. a being. Priscillian denied Jesus God. killed 385 A.D.

Cyril of Jerusalem (at Council of Constant.)

154

c.349-386

W

W

W

W

-

-

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

Philastrius of Brescia

 

-387

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Damasus I of Rome (against Nica Creed)

2

c.386-389/384

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Ambrose of Milan (partial, Against Arianism)

446.25

370-390

W

P

I

W

 

 

 

 

 

W

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tyconius

 

390

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gregory of Nazianzen (leader at Constant.)

275

330-391

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pacian of Barcelona

c.23

342-379/392

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Fortunatus

 

392

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Phoebadius

 

after 392

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diodore of Tarsus

 

before 394

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Constantinople, under Nectarius

1

394

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gregory of Nyssa (Origenist)

495

c.356-397

 

 

W

W

 

 

W

 

 

W

-

W

W

W

 

 

W

 

 

 

Didymus the Blind (Origenist)

 

398

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Luciferian Schism -Lucifer of Cagliari,Sardinia

 

361-c.399

Orthodox beliefs except wouldn’t accept back repentant Arian/Semi-Arian clergy

Evagrius of Pontus (Origenist)

88

345-399

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

p28+p21+p50+p57+p51 11+8+13+7+15 verses

4/5th century

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

Syriac Book of Steps (=Liber Graduum)

c.189

350-400

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hyperechius (Mt, etc.)

 

4/5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Macarius/Symeon (Mt, etc.)

 

4/5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Timothy of Alexandria

 

4/5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Maximinus

 

4/5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Maximus of Turin

 

4/5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Petilian/Petilianus, Donatist bishop

 

4/5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Epiphanius of Salamis (wrote on 80 heresies)

 

360-403

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Flavian of Antioch

 

404

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Prudentius, poet of Tarraconensis, Spain

 

before 405

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rufinus, translator and historian

88

374-406

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gaudentius of Brescia (Donatist, 20 Sermons)

 

after 406

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

John Chrysostom (partial)

~3000

-407

 

W

W

W

 

 

 

I

 

W

W

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chromatius

 

407

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Severian of Gabala (Chrysostom's foe)

 

398-308

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Asterius of Amasea

 

c.410

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nestorian Synod of Seleucia-Ctesiphon

410

Called by bishop Mar Isaac

Violent persecution of and by Donatist sects

411

Augustine protested the harshness of Emperor Honorius’ persecution.

Theophilus of Alexandria

 

412

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Niceta of Remesianus

c.63

366-c.415

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Orosius/Hosius of Braga (against Priscillian)

c.20

414-418

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Letter from Paula & Eustochium to Jerome

 

before 419

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Carthage (218 bishops)

39

393-419

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sulpicius/Sulpitius Severus (pupil of Martin)

116 ˝

363-420

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jerome (pupil of Gregory Nazianzen) (partial)

~500

373-420

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

 

W

-

W

-

W

 

 

 

 

W

 

Palladius’ Lausiac History (short recension)

 

419-420

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nestorian Synod of Markabta of Tayyaye

424

 

Sozomen’s Ecclesiastical History

89

370/380-425

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Theodore of Mopsuestia (Pelagian)

 

392-423/429

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Augustine of Hippo  (Ambrose’s pupil) (partial)

~4500

388-8/28/430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W

 

W

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

 

W

Synesius of Ptolemais (Cyrene)

 

397-430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

John Cassian (father of Semi-Pelagianism)

422 ˝

419-430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nilus

 

c.430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marcus of Eremita

 

after 430

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paulinus of Nola

 

431

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Ephesus vs. Nestorians (200 bish.)

20

Jun-Sep 431

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Celestine of Rome

1 ľ

431-432

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Paul of Emesa

 

after 432

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vincent of Lerins A Commonitory

26

c.434

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Isidore of Pelusium

 

c.435

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Socrates of Constantin. Ecclesiastical History

178

~400-439

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cyril of Alexandria

 

444

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proclus of Constantinople

 

446

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eucherius, bishop of Lugdunum

 

ca.380-ca.449

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Flavian of Constantinople

 

449

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Persians fight Armenians and Georgians

449

Armenians and Georgians revolt after Yazdirg II tries to impose Zoroastrianism.

Agroecius, bishop of Sen, Gaul

 

c.450

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Alexandrinus (Mt 25:7-Rev with gaps in Jn,Rm,2Cor)

c.450

 

 

-

-

-

 

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

Curetonian Old Syriac (Mt, etc.)

5th century

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

Cyprian of Gaul Gen-Jdg poetic paraphrase

 

5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Euthalius of Sulca -put most of NT in sections

 

ca.450

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hesychius of Jerusalem

 

after 450

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Severus

 

5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Speculum

 

5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Chalcedon vs. Monophysites

18

451

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Oecumenius of Isauria

 

5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Julianus Pomerius

 

5th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nestorius’ Bazaar of Heracleides

c.128

451/452

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Quodvultdeus

 

c.453

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Julian of Eclanum, Italy (Pelagian)

 

c.454

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Theodoret of Cyrus (bishop & historian)

318

423-458

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Many Christians killed in Persia, Armenia

420-460

After Bishop Abdas burned a Zoro. temple, many Christian churches burned.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arnobius the Younger of Gaul

 

c.460

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Patrick of Ireland (English missionary to Irish)

15

420-461

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Prosper of Aquitaine (foe of Cassian) -partial

c.12

426-465

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pope Leo I of Rome (turned back Attila)

204

440-461

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hidatius/Idacius of Gallaecia (Portugal)

 

c.401-469

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sharahb’il Yakuf kills Ethiopian Christians

c.472

Christian missionary Azqir among those killed.

Varimadum

 

445/480

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Salvian

 

c.406-c.480

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

What has been called the Athanasian Creed

1

447/484

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Vigilius

 

after 484

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arians persecute Christians in Algeria

484

Arian Visigoth Hunneric persecutes Orthodox Christians in Tipasa, Algeria

Victor of Vita

 

after 489

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gennadius/Jerome Lives of Illustrious Men

41

480-495

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ephraemi Rescriptus

400-500

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

Faustus of Riez

 

490/500

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Andreas Caesariensis (church historian)

 

c.500

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Philoxenian Syriac

507/508

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

Monophysite Synod of Tyre rejects Chalcedon

513-515

 

Ruricus/Ruricius I of Limoges

 

ca.485-c.510

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Roman pope excommunicates Acacius/east churches

484-518

 

Ennodus

 

ca.473-521

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arians persecute Christians in North Africa

499-523

Visigoth Thrasimund persecutes Orthodox in Carthage & N. Africa until he died.

Dhu Nuwas (=Yusuf As'ar) kills C's in Yemen

523-524

Converted Jewish king persecutes Christians, since Byzantines persecute Jews

Barsanuphius of Palestine

 

c.525

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Boethius

 

-ca.524/525

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite

 

c.485-c.528

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Orange

 

529

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Severus of Antioch

 

518-528

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Boniface II Letter to Caesarius of Arles

 

530-532

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fulgentius of Ruspe, North Africa

 

507-532/533

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Benedict of Nursia Rule of St. Benedict

 

ca.480-542

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Caesarius of Arles, pupil of Julianus

 

469/470-542

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Julian of Halicarnassus stars the Phantasiastes sect

527-549

Phantasiastes split from Monophysites, saying Christ's body was incorruptible

Apringius

 

after 551

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Primasius

 

after 552

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Council of Constantinople II (c.153 present) condemns Nestorius, Origen & admirers

13

May 553

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Vigilius’ letter to Constantinople II Council

2

553

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Paschasius of Dumiun

c.13

555

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

M. Aurelius Cassiodorus

 

-560

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Victor of Tunis

 

after 566

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gildas the Wise (in England and Ireland)

 

c.570

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Facundus

 

after 571

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Byzantines persecute Egyptian Copts

527-568, 572

Copts are Monophysites; teaching Jesus’ humanity & divinity are only one nature

Martin of Braga, Spain

c.24

550-577

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cassiodorus Commentary on Psalms

 

c.580

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Monophy. John of Ephesus (tortured pagans)

 

c.507-c.586

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Columba of Iona, Scotland (poetry in Latin)

 

Ca.597

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Leander of Seville, Spain

c.13

579-600

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gregory of Rome, Doctor of the Church (partial)

239 ˝

590-605

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Venantius’ Poem on Easter

1 ˝

lived 530-609

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Babai the Nestorian historian, On the Union

 

died ca.628

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Third Council of Constantinople

 

680

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Quinisext Council

 

692

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

John of Damascus

 

706-749

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Second Council of Nicea

 

787

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Medieval Christians:Cat,Orth,Waldenses,Copt

-

c.500-c.1500

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

I

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Muslim Qur’an or Sunni hadiths (5 collections)

 

630-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

I

Some moderate Muslims

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

m

W

W

W

I

I

I

I

I

I

Ulrich Zwingli, Swiss Reformer

 

1454-1531

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

 

 

-

 

I

I

I

I

I

I

Martin Luther, or conservative Lutherans

 

1483-1546

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

W

W

-

 

I

I

I

I

I

I

John Calvin, a founder of Reformed theology

 

1536-1564

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

 

W

-

 

I

I

I

I

I

I

Bogomils, Manichaean/Gnostic

 

970-1650

Originating from Paulicans, they spread from Greece to France.

John Wesley (Arminian)

 

1738-1791

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

 

W

-

 

I

I

I

I

I

I

Charles Finney (Arminian revivalist)

 

1825-1875

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

 

W

-

 

I

I

I

I

I

I

Ellen G. White & Seventh Day Adventists

 

1763-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mormonism (Latter Day Saints)

 

1830-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

W

 

W

 

 

-

 

-

-

X

-

-

-

Tokugawa Shoguns persecute Christians in Japan

1629-1856

Those who refused to trample pictures of Jesus or Mary tortured & killed

Insider Movement to Hindus (founded by Kali Chan Banurji)

 

1870-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jehovah’s Witnesses (Watchtower)

 

1872-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W

 

W

 

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

Liberal Protestant, Episcopalian

 

19th century

m

m

m

m

m

m

m

X

m

-

W

m

m

m

m

m

m

m

m

m

Mary Baker Eddy & Christian Science

 

1875/1879-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unity Church (Charles Fillmore a founder)

 

1899-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oneness Pentecostalism (denies the Trinity)

 

1914-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

Communist persecutions

1922-

Persecution of Christians and others, from the USSR to the Khmer Rouge

Gustavo Guitierrez & Liberation Theology

 

1950's-1971-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rev. Moon’s Divine Principle (Unification Church)

 

1954-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

 

-

 

W

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

Insider (C5) Movement to Muslims

 

1970's-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chrislam syncretistic religion in Nigeria

 

1970's-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conservative Protestant, Catholic, Orthodox

-

c.1500-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Christian writer, heretic, or Bible manuscript

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www.Biblequery.org/History/ChurchHistory/PreNiceneTeachingOnRefutingErrorGrid.html. References at www.Biblequery.org/History/ChurchHistory/WhatEarlyChristiansTaught.html.

by Steven M. Morrison, PhD. If you find what you think are any omissions or errors, please email webmaster@biblequery.org